Goats are versatile and hardy animals that can thrive in various environments, largely due to their ability to graze on a wide variety of plants. When setting up a pasture or selecting fodder for goats, it’s important to consider both the nutritional benefits of certain plants and the potential dangers of others. Herein, we’ll explore the best plants that are not only safe but beneficial for goats, as well as some plants that should be avoided to keep your herd healthy.

The Best Plants for Goats:

1. Alfalfa: This is a high-protein legume hay that is often the preferred choice for goats. It provides essential nutrients and energy which are particularly good for milking does.

2. Red Clover: This is another leguminous plant that’s great for goats. It has a good balance of nutrients and can help in weight gain.

3. Orchard Grass: This grass is palatable for goats and is high in fiber, which is good for their digestive systems.

4. Timothy Hay: It makes excellent feed that’s lower in protein than alfalfa but still very nutritious.

5. Barley and Wheat: Goats can also benefit from grazing on small grains like barley and wheat which provide good energy sources.

6. Chicory: This herb is not only loved by goats but also provides them with a natural worming agent due to its high tannin content.

A Few Plants to Avoid:

1. Rhododendron & Azalea: Both contain grayanotoxins which can lead to vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, and potentially fatal heart irregularities in goats.

2. Mountain Laurel: Similar to rhododendrons, mountain laurel can be toxic to goats if ingested in large quantities.

3. Wild Cherry: The leaves of wild cherry trees contain cyanide when wilted, posing a risk of poisoning to goats that consume them.

4. Oleander: Every part of this plant is toxic to goats and can result in severe health issues or even death upon ingestion.

5. Yew: Though ornamental yew might look harmless, it contains compounds that can cause sudden death in goats without much prior indication.

In conclusion, selecting the right plants for goat feed involves knowledge of both nutritional benefits and potential hazards. A diet rich in suitable grasses, legumes, and herbs will ensure your goats maintain optimal health while avoiding the dangerous effects of toxic plants. Always research new plants you introduce to your herd’s diet and consult with a veterinarian if you’re uncertain about the safety of any particular fodder option.